الجمعة، 5 أبريل 2013

حصرياً | التحديث الجديد للفيس بوك (قريباً)





حصرياً | التحديث الجديد للفيس بوك (قريباً)

اعلن موقع الفيس بوك عن تحديث جديد تم تطبيقه على الصفحات الشخصية للمستخدمين ,كما اعطى الحرية الكاملة للاعضاء فى الانتقال الى التحديث الجديد او عدم الانتقال .
بينما اعلن اليوم بان جميع الصفحات سوف يتم تحديثها لتدعم التطبيق الجديد ,حيث تعمل هذه الصفحة الجديدة على تسهيل عرض المعلومات عن الشخص صاحب الصفحة لتعرض بياناته على شكل سيرة ذاتية ,كما يمكنه عرض الصور بشكل منظم اكثر من الاول وتصفحها بشكل اسهل ,واضافة الى الكثير من المميزات التى تجعل التحديث الجديد يكتسح الصفحه القديمه للفيس بوك.
وبالنسبه الى الاشخاص الذين يودون العودة الى التصميم القديم ,اعتقد انه ليس امامهم اى بديل اخر وان الفيس بوك عمم التحديث الجديد لجميع الاعضاء ,ولكن اعتقد ان الفيس بوك سيستمر فى التحديث فى صفحاته على طوال الطريق .
ولكن هل سينال هذا التغيير اعجاب جميع المستخدمين ؟ ام ان هناك من يتضرر من التحديث الحالى ؟













الأربعاء، 27 مارس 2013

What Is Mini Medical School ما هو البسيطة كلية الطب

The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine offers community education programs for adults and school-aged students in the form of Mini Medical School and STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) programs.
Mini Medical School provides an insight into the world of medicine featuring world-class researchers and clinicians from the University of Iowa. These courses offer learners that are generally 16 and older the unique opportunity to learn about medical education, biomedical discoveries and cutting-edge reserach in an understandable and engaging way. Mini Medical School is set up in a lecture format that allows for question and answer time from the participants and often includes hands-on learning activities prior to the program
 


Mini Medical School is for everyone - you don't need a science or medical background to participate. So whether you're a student, teacher, caregiver, retiree, health care provider, or someone with an interest in research and medicine, Mini Medical School is for you.
Iowa City
Held on the University of Iowa campus in the home of the Carver College of Medicine, this multi-week series held in the spring, showcases biomedical discoveries happening at the University of Iowa. This programs often reaches capacity and fills up quickly.
Statewide and Nationwide
Held in various cities across Iowa and the country, these programs aim at educating our alumni, friends and neighbors about biomedical discoveries happening at the University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine. We often partner with regional hospitals, health care providers and schools to deliver these programs in your communities
 

Regenerative Medicine at Organogenesis التجدد الطب في التبرعم




As a pioneer in the field of Regenerative Medicine, Organogenesis is proud to be on the forefront of making this technology into a reality for patients today.
A new era in medicine arrived when Organogenesis received one of the first FDA approvals for a living, human cell-based product. Apligraf® is now the leading regenerative medicine brand in the world.
Additionally, we are actively developing new breakthroughs. For instance, the company recently earned FDA approval for our latest breakthrough, GINTUIT™ for oral soft tissue regeneration.
Click through for more information about the science of Regenerative Medicine at Organogenesis.

Hyperbaric Medicine الضغط الزائد الطب




The Hyperbaric Medicine Center is located on the lower level of the Outpatient Center of the Hillcrest Medical Center and was opened in 1984. The center has a 12-place chamber and is equipped to handle critically ill patients. The center is directed by Dr. Tom Neuman, one of the world experts in Hyperbaric Medicine and Diving Medicine and one of the full-time faculty members of the Department of Emergency Medicine. The Associate Director is Dr. "Jake" Jacoby who is also board certified in Infectious Diseases and is on the faculty of the DEM. Doctors Stephen Hayden, Dr. Brian Snyder, and Karen Van Hoesen also see patients as hyperbaric attending physicians. Dr. Van Hoesen also directs the fellowship program which accepts one candidate per year.  The center is the only civilian 24-hour emergency treatment center in San Diego, Imperial, Orange or Riverside Counties. The center treats all civilian diving emergencies from Mexico to the Los Angeles County border. The center treats approximately 2,000 patients per year and currently has one of the larger series of patients exposed to carbon monoxide in the United States. The chamber also electively treats all medical conditions as approved by the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society's Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Committee. Residents will rotate one month on the service in a combined Hyperbaric Medicine/Toxicology rotation.

Evaluating Care For Women With Diabetes Undergoing Fertility Treatmentsتقييم الرعاية للنساء مع علاجات الخصوبة السكري تمر



A study conducted in Haifa, Israel and published in Diabetes Care, determined that medical care for women with diabetes who undergo fertility treatments is suboptimal. The study, believed to be the first of its kind, found that although women with diabetes undergoing fertility treatments received more care overall than women with spontaneous pregnancies, prior to conception, less than one-quarter of these patients prepared themselves for pregnancy by taking folic acid regularly (a standard in preconception care). Moreover, only one-third achieved good glycemic control prior to fertility treatment.
I had the opportunity to discuss this study and its surprising results with its lead author Dr. Shlomit Riskin-Mashiah, M.D.
Why did you decide to investigate the care of diabetic women undergoing fertility treatments?
I’m an obstetrician with a maternal fetal medicine sub-specialty. I work in high risk pregnancy clinics of Clalit Health Services in Israel. Too often I see pregnant women after fertility treatment referred for follow up because of underlying medical problems (such as diabetes) that were not treated adequately before the fertility treatment. This study evaluated, retrospectively, the quality of medical care in diabetic women during their fertility treatments.
Are women with diabetes a particularly “at-risk” group?
A woman with diabetes is considered a high risk pregnancy because of the potential ill effects the disease might pose on the women and fetus during pregnancy.
Women undergoing fertility treatments are – on average – older and have more chronic medical problems. Also the risk for multiple pregnancies is much higher after fertility treatment. All these factors render more women with fertility problems into a high risk pregnancy.
Can fertility treatments affect blood sugar levels?
Not as far as I know, however many infertile women are obese and have PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome), which often goes with insulin resistance.
What does it mean that care is suboptimal?
As explained in the article, there are many guidelines for preconception care in diabetic patients. These guidelines recommend regular preconception use of folic acid; good diabetic control with HbA1c less than 6-7.0% and discontinuation before conception of teratogenic drugs. We found in the study that many women undergo fertility treatment despite poor glycemic control (only 31% had a HbA1c <7.0%), only one quarter used folic acid regularly and too many continued the use of potentially harmful medications in the first trimester of pregnancy. Moreover, diabetic women who used assisted reproduction techniques were not prepared better for pregnancy compared to diabetic women with spontaneous pregnancies.
Does the level of care affect chances of becoming pregnant?
We did not check this in this work. However it is known that women with uncontrolled diabetes have much higher risk for spontaneous abortion and fetal malformation.
Given that the study looked at a specific patient group and the level of care received, how transferable is the conclusion to other hospitals and other countries?
As far as I know, this is the first study to look at the quality of medical care in diabetic women undergoing fertility treatments. However, as we point in the article, there are several studies that looked at folic acid consumption in women undergoing fertility treatment. The articles were from different countries (Germany, USA, Hungary and Norway) and all of them found that preconception use of folic acid was too low.
What evidence is there that suboptimal care for diabetic patients undergoing fertility treatment is a widespread or international problem?
The Seventh Report of the Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in the United Kingdom published in December 2007 says, ”that many of the women who died from pre-existing diseases or conditions which may seriously affect the outcome of their pregnancies, or which may require different management or specialised services during pregnancy, did not receive any pre-pregnancy counseling. In particular, this was the case for several women with major risk factors for maternal death who received treatment for infertility.”
Conditions that should require pre-pregnancy counseling and advice, according to Maternal Deaths Report include:
  • Epilepsy
  • Diabetes
  • Congenital or known acquired cardiac disease
  • Auto-immune disorders
  • Obesity BMI of 30 or more
  • Severe pre existing or past mental illness.
I think this statement highlights that the problem of inadequate medical evaluation and care prior to assisted reproductive technologies is probably universal. We have recently published an article (1) that recommends for medical evaluation prior to undergoing any assisted reproductive technology (just as is done before any surgery).
One would expect that a woman going through the difficult process of fertility treatments would be maximizing her chances of becoming pregnant and conceiving a healthy baby. Does it surprise you that the results of your study don’t indicate this?
You are correct, but unfortunately this is not the case. I was not very surprised since it matched my nonobjective observations in the high risk clinics.
What can be done to help women take better care of themselves?
Diabetic patients should prepare themselves for pregnancy as outlined in the guidelines and more. This could be done in specialized high risk pregnancy clinics that also give preconception care or in specialized diabetic clinics that also give preconception care. Receiving proper counseling is of utmost importance.
 

Outsourcing Medicine The Expanding Field of Medical Tourism الاستعانة بمصادر خارجية والطب الميداني التوسع في السياحة الطبية




In a country where 62% of all bankruptcies are the result of skyrocketing healthcare bills, it’s clear that the U.S. has a healthcare expenses problem [1]. Combine that with some of the worst mortality rates in the developed world, and you start to understand how Americans are in a lose-lose situation when it comes to healthcare options. In contrast, countries like India, China and Thailand offer healthcare procedures of the same caliber of the United States at up to one tenth of the cost. With that in mind, it shouldn’t come as a surprise that medical tourism is on the rise.
Medical tourism is the process of traveling to another country for medical procedures that may not be offered in one’s home country or are too expensive in the country an individual resides in. The concept of traveling for healthcare initially began as a way for people from less developed countries to receive medical treatment that was not yet available in their own countries by traveling to more developed countries. Now, however, people from more developed countries like the United States are actually traveling to less developed countries for medical procedures [2]. In these less developed countries, people are able to have medical procedures done at a fraction of the cost it would have taken back home, and often they receive better patient care than they would at home. In addition, patients find it attractive that many of these countries offer procedures that have not yet been approved by the FDA.
Medical tourism offers many people an alternative to their healthcare plan’s coverage, especially for those individuals who find that their conventional healthcare options aren’t the most effective or rational. For those who do not have health insurance, it allows for a much less expensive option than traditional healthcare. In fact, medical procedures in countries such as India, Thailand, and South America, are a fraction of the cost of medical procedures in the United States. For instance, while open heart surgery would cost up to $150,000 in the United States, it ranges from only $10,000 in Iran. Cosmetic surgeries in Costa Rica are normally a third of the cost that they are in the United States [3], and procedures in India can be as low as 10% of the cost of procedures in the United States [2].
Price, however, is not the only factor increasing the demand for medical tourism. A demand for anonymity also drives people to look for healthcare abroad. For example, people can go to a foreign country under the guise of a vacation, undergo cosmetic or sexual reassignment surgery, and then return to their home country with no one the wiser. Medical tourism also allows people the option of having surgeries and medical practices that aren’t approved in their home country.
In India, people are offered the option of having a hip resurfacing surgery instead of a hip replacement surgery. Hip resurfacing surgery, which has not yet been approved by the FDA, allows for a shorter recovery period than hip replacement surgery as well as increased mobility compared to traditional hip replacement [4].
Medical tourism also provides a faster option for undergoing medical procedures than in the United States. In cases where waiting lists for certain procedures are rather long, it is often much quicker (and in many cases, cheaper) to go to a foreign country and get the procedure done there. Often wait times for certain surgeries can be up to eighteen months in a home country, while the same surgery in India or Thailand could be completed within a week and the patient would be home within two weeks [2].
As medical tourism is still a new trend, it does have its drawbacks. If any complications from the procedure arise after the patient has returned to their home country there is little they can do. There are no laws or regulations concerning international medical procedures, and in effect, those who do partake in medical tourism do so at their own risk. If medical malpractice occurs in the foreign country that an individual has decided to have the procedure in, they would have to try the case in that foreign country, a process that is often long and laborious [5]. To make matters worse, many patients are asked to sign liability forms that prevent them from being able to take foreign clinics to court. The procedures in foreign countries aren’t as strictly mandated, and while this allows them to offer procedures that are not offered in other countries, it also means that there is less of a concern for patient safety.
Though going abroad for medical procedures has its drawbacks, it is mostly beneficial for those coming in from other countries to have procedures done. Yet, the development of medical tourism has had an adverse impact on lower income families that are native to the countries providing services for medical tourism. While medical facilities are targeting their business to foreigners, medical care for those who actually reside in the country are being put on back burners. In the case of India, medical facilities are being expanded and the government is putting even more money into the medical tourism sector, and at the same time they are ignoring the lack of medical facilities in remote regions of the country [3,6]. So while medical tourism might be helping the economy of less developed countries grow it has a negative impact on the native population of the region.
In China, India, and Moldova, to get organs for organ transplantation, people are reimbursed for giving up their organs. While people are not actually paid for their organs, they are reimbursed for expenses that they incur as well as for loss of earnings as a result of the surgery. This then results in poor people giving up their organs so that they can receive money. Yet while aspects of medical tourism are unethical with respect to the individuals native to these foreign countries, this doesn’t seem to be slowing the growth of medical tourism.
President Obama’s healthcare plans, however, may dramatically change the market for medical tourism. Since the healthcare bill requires that a majority of Americans have insurance by 2014, this seems to predict a fall in medical tourism as a whole. If more Americans have insurance, then it seems logical to conclude that less Americans will have to turn to foreign countries for medical procedures that they cannot afford otherwise. However, the situation isn’t as simple as that. A shift to government sponsored healthcare could also lead to a further increase in wait times for medical procedures. As a result, the demand for medical tourism could remain high, as foreign healthcare services would be much more prompt than procedures in the U.S. [7]. This seems like a reasonable conclusion to make, as it is the current situation in countries like Canada and the UK, who do have government sponsored healthcare [2].
Over the last few years, medical tourism has been steadily rising. In 2008, 540,000 Americans traveled abroad for medical procedures. In 2009, that number rose to 648,000, and in 2010 it was 878,000. It is expected to rise to 1,300,000 individuals by this year [7]. This shows a steady rise for the demand for global healthcare, and it is unlikely that a health care reform will drastically change those numbers. When both insured and uninsured Americans were surveyed on whether they would consider going abroad for medical treatment if it was recommended to them by a doctor, 28% of the uninsured individuals said they wouldn’t consider it, compared to 22% of the insured individuals [7]. This shows that though cheaper healthcare might be one of the key reasons that individuals go to foreign countries for medical procedures, it is not the only reason, and the advent of more insured individuals may not result in a fall in the numbers of medical tourism.
The growth of medical tourism parallels globalization across the world. As globalization becomes a more common phenomenon, it becomes increasingly clear that no profession is nationally exclusive. Not only do American companies not have to hire American workers, but Americans can also choose not to use American healthcare. The balance of the world is shifting in a way that is equalizing all nations, and this change is going to occur in all fields of work.
References
1. Cussen MP. Top Five Reasons Why People Go Bankrupt. Forbes. 2010 Mar. 25.
2. Horowitz MD, Rosensweig JA, Jones CA. Medical Tourism: Globalization of the Healthcare Marketplace. Medscape J. Med. 2007 Nov. 13; 9(4):33.
3. Connel J. Medical Tourism: Sea, Sand, Sun, Surgery. Tourism Manag. 2005 Nov. 29; 27:1093-1100.
4. Leung R. Vacation, Adventure And Surgery?. CBS News. 2005 Sept. 4.
5. Mirrer-Singer P. Medical Malpractice Overseas: The Legal Uncertainty Surrounding Medical Tourism. Law Contemp Probl. 2007 Aug. 8; 70: 211-32.
6. Gray HH, Poland CS. Medical Tourism:Crossing Borders to Access Healthcare. Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 2008;18(2):193-201.
7. Baran M. Medical tourism pros consider impact of healthcare reform. Travel Weekly. 2011 Jan. 25.